DP-900: Azure Data Fundamentals Practice Exam

What the DP-900 exam covers

• Describe Core Data Concepts188 questions
• Identify Considerations for Relational Data175 questions
• Describe Considerations for Non-Relational Data175 questions
• Describe an Analytics Workload154 questions

Free DP-900 sample questions

A sample of 10 questions with answers and explanations. Sign up free to practice all 692.

1. Question 1Describe Core Data Concepts

   A logistics company tracks millions of package deliveries per day. Each delivery record includes a tracking number, sender address, recipient address, weight, and delivery status. The operations team needs to update delivery statuses in real time as packages move through sorting facilities. Which type of data processing workload best describes this system?

   • AOnline Transaction Processing (OLTP)Correct
   • BBatch processing
   • COnline Analytical Processing (OLAP)
   • DData warehousing
   ✓ Correct answer: A

   OLTP systems are specifically designed to handle frequent, short-duration transactions where individual records are inserted, updated, or retrieved in real time. The logistics company needs to update package statuses as they change at sorting facilities, which is a classic example of real-time transactional workload. OLTP systems prioritize write and update performance, maintain referential integrity, and ensure data consistency for concurrent users, making them ideal for this delivery tracking scenario.

   Why the other options are wrong

   • BBatch processing is incorrect because it handles large volumes of data in scheduled groups, not in real-time updates as packages move through facilities.
   • COnline Analytical Processing (OLAP) is incorrect because it is optimized for complex aggregate queries and historical analysis, not for frequent updates to individual delivery records.
   • DData warehousing is incorrect because it consolidates data for analytical reporting, not for real-time operational updates.
2. Question 2Describe Core Data ConceptsSelect all that apply

   A data architect is explaining the ACID properties of database transactions to the team. Select TWO properties that are part of ACID.

   • ADurability - committed transactions survive system failuresCorrect
   • BAuthentication - users are verified before access
   • CAtomicity - transactions are all-or-nothingCorrect
   • DAvailability - the database is always accessible
   • EDistribution - data is spread across multiple nodes
   ✓ Correct answer: A, C

   ACID stands for Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability, the four guarantees that make database transactions reliable. Atomicity ensures a transaction is all-or-nothing, while Durability ensures that once committed its changes persist even through a system failure. Both listed options name genuine ACID properties with accurate definitions.

   Why the other options are wrong

   • BAuthentication verifies user identity as a security concern and is not one of the four ACID transaction properties.
   • DAvailability describes whether a system is reachable and is a reliability or CAP-theorem concept, not part of ACID.
   • EDistribution refers to spreading data across nodes for scale and is unrelated to the ACID guarantees of a single transaction.
3. Question 3Describe Core Data Concepts

   Which data professional role is primarily responsible for building pipelines that transform and move data between systems?

   • AAta Scientist
   • BAta Analyst
   • CAta EngineerCorrect
   • DDatabase Administrator
   ✓ Correct answer: C

   A data engineer is primarily responsible for designing, building, and maintaining data pipelines that ingest, transform, and move data between systems. They handle integration, ETL/ELT processes, and the infrastructure that delivers clean, reliable data to downstream consumers such as analysts and data scientists. Building pipelines that transform and move data between systems is a core data engineering responsibility, which is why this role is the correct answer.

   Why the other options are wrong

   • AA data scientist applies statistical analysis and machine learning to data to produce models and insights, rather than building the data-movement pipelines.
   • BA data analyst explores data and builds reports and visualizations, not the pipelines that move and transform data between systems.
   • DA database administrator manages database availability, security, backups, and performance, which is not building transformation pipelines.
4. Question 4Identify Considerations for Relational Data

   A foreign key in a table references the primary key of another table to establish a relationship between the two tables.

   • AFalse
   • BTrueCorrect
   ✓ Correct answer: B

   A foreign key in a table is a column or set of columns that references the primary key of another table, establishing a formal relationship between the two tables. The foreign key constraint enforces referential integrity by ensuring that only valid values (those that exist in the referenced primary key) can be inserted into the foreign key column, or NULL if the relationship is optional. This mechanism prevents orphaned records and maintains data consistency across related tables.

   Why the other options are wrong

   • AFalse is incorrect. The statement is true. A foreign key in a table is a column or set of columns that references the primary key of another table, establishing a formal relationship between the two tables.
5. Question 5Describe Considerations for Non-Relational DataSelect all that apply

   Which of the following are valid use cases for Azure Blob Storage? (Choose two.)

   • AStoring backup files and disaster recovery dataCorrect
   • BManaging transactional banking operations
   • CRunning complex relational queries with joins
   • DServing images and documents directly to a web browserCorrect
   ✓ Correct answer: A, D

   Azure Blob Storage is optimized for these two use cases: it provides cost-effective, durable storage for backup and disaster recovery files, and it can serve multimedia content (images, PDFs, documents) directly to web browsers through HTTP/HTTPS with built-in support for content distribution networks (CDNs) and static website hosting. Blob Storage's massive scalability, durability (11 nines of durability), and ability to be accessed directly via URLs make it ideal for both archival and content delivery scenarios.

   Why the other options are wrong

   • BManaging transactional banking operations is incorrect because Azure Blob Storage is not designed for transactional consistency or structured relational data required in banking systems; Azure SQL Database is the appropriate service for such workloads.
   • CRunning complex relational queries with joins is incorrect because Blob Storage is an object storage service without query capabilities; it does not support SQL queries or joins. Azure SQL Database or Azure Synapse Analytics would be appropriate for complex relational queries.
6. Question 6Describe an Analytics Workload

   In Power BI, a dataset is a collection of data imported from one or more sources that can be used to build reports and dashboards.

   • AFalse
   • BTrueCorrect
   ✓ Correct answer: B

   A dataset in Power BI is a semantic layer that represents a collection of imported data sourced from one or more origins. This dataset serves as the foundation for building reports and dashboards, as it contains the data model, relationships, and measures that users interact with when visualizing information. The dataset can include data from relational databases, cloud services, spreadsheets, and other sources, and it is refreshed according to a schedule to keep visualizations current. This is a fundamental concept in Power BI's architecture where the dataset separates data modeling from report creation.

   Why the other options are wrong

   • AFalse is incorrect. The statement is true. A dataset in Power BI is a semantic layer that represents a collection of imported data sourced from one or more origins. This dataset serves as the foundation for building reports and dashboards, as it contains the data model, relationships, and measures that users interact with when visualizing information.
7. Question 7Identify Considerations for Relational Data

   A team is planning Relational procedures for Identify Considerations for Relational Data. What should they prioritize?

   • ABase decisions on assumptions and refine them after go-live
   • BReuse a legacy on-premises design without cloud adaptation
   • CFollow documented best practices and vendor guidelinesCorrect
   • DAdopt community blog recommendations without validating them
   ✓ Correct answer: C

   For relational data procedures, vendor documentation provides proven approaches to normalization, indexing strategies, backup and recovery procedures, and performance optimization. Following these guidelines ensures relational systems are robust and maintainable.

   Why the other options are wrong

   • ADeciding on assumptions and refining only after go-live bakes in normalization and performance gaps that are costly to correct once the relational database is live.
   • BA legacy on-premises design ignores cloud scaling, cost, and managed-service patterns, so reusing it unchanged yields a suboptimal relational deployment.
   • DCommunity blog posts vary in quality and are rarely tested against your database version, so using them without validation risks unproven schema designs.
8. Question 8Identify Considerations for Relational DataSelect all that apply

   A consultant is reviewing the indexes configuration at Fourth Coffee. Which two actions should be performed to optimize the implementation? (Choose two.)

   • ADisable indexes monitoring
   • BPrimary keysCorrect
   • CAzure SQL Database
   • DAzure SQL Managed Instance
   • EAzure Database for MySQLCorrect
   ✓ Correct answer: B, E

   To optimize indexes configuration at Fourth Coffee, these two actions address relational design and deployment platform considerations. Primary keys create implicit indexes that optimize lookups and enforce uniqueness, forming the foundation of efficient index strategies in relational databases. Azure Database for MySQL is a managed platform that automatically handles index optimization, tuning, and performance for MySQL-based systems, ensuring indexes are leveraged effectively.

   Why the other options are wrong

   • ADisable indexes monitoring is incorrect because monitoring is essential to validate that indexes are performing as intended, identify unused or inefficient indexes, and guide index optimization decisions. Removing monitoring visibility prevents proper index management.
   • CAzure SQL Database is incorrect because Azure Database for MySQL is a more appropriate platform choice for MySQL-based environments than Azure SQL Database, which is built on SQL Server architecture with different optimization characteristics.
   • DAzure SQL Managed Instance is incorrect because Managed Instance is designed for SQL Server workloads and migrations, not MySQL. If the indexes are on MySQL systems, Managed Instance represents a different platform choice rather than an optimization.
9. Question 9Describe an Analytics WorkloadSelect all that apply

   A BI team wants a single cloud service that unifies large-scale data warehousing with big-data analytics in one workspace, and they need an author to build the data model and visuals on a Windows desktop before publishing. Which TWO components fit these roles? (Choose two.)

   • AAzure Synapse AnalyticsCorrect
   • BMicrosoft Power BI DesktopCorrect
   • CThe Power BI service (app.powerbi.com)
   • DAzure Analysis Services
   • EAzure Data Factory
   ✓ Correct answer: A, B

   Azure Synapse Analytics brings enterprise data warehousing and big-data analytics together in a single integrated workspace. Microsoft Power BI Desktop is the free Windows application where authors build the data model, queries, and visuals before publishing them to the service.

   Why the other options are wrong

   • CThe Power BI service is the browser-based platform for sharing and consuming published content, not the desktop authoring tool.
   • DAzure Analysis Services builds tabular semantic models but does not by itself unify warehousing with big-data analytics like Synapse.
   • EAzure Data Factory orchestrates data movement and transformation; it is neither the unified analytics workspace nor the desktop authoring tool.
10. Question 10Identify Considerations for Relational Data

    By default, an Azure SQL Database logical server blocks all client connections from outside Azure. Which configuration must an administrator change to allow a developer's on-premises workstation to connect over the public endpoint?

    • AThe collation setting
    • BThe server-level firewall rulesCorrect
    • CThe compute tier
    • DThe maintenance window
    ✓ Correct answer: B

    Azure SQL Database uses firewall rules to control which IP addresses can connect to the logical server. By default, external access is denied, so the administrator must create a server-level (or database-level) firewall rule that includes the developer's public IP address to permit the connection.

    Why the other options are wrong

    • ACollation controls character sorting and comparison rules for text data; it has no effect on network connectivity.
    • CThe compute tier determines performance and cost (such as DTU or vCore sizing); changing it does not grant network access.
    • DThe maintenance window schedules when Azure applies planned maintenance; it does not control which clients can connect.

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